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That base assignment lasted until 1 November 1946, when SAC transferred the Eighth to Fort Worth (later renamed Carswell AFB). Units assigned to Eighth Air Force in the Pacific were: The atomic bombings of Japan led to the Japanese surrender before Eighth Air Force saw action in the Pacific theater. On 22 February 1944, the Army reorganized its Air Forces in Europe by renaming Eighth Air Force as the United States Strategic Air Forces in Europe (now known as the United States Air Forces in Europe). Flying Royal Air Force (RAF) "Boston" light bombers, six American crews of the 15th Bombardment Squadron, and six RAF crews of 226th Squadron attacked German Luftwaffe (air force) airfields. Eighth Air Force bomb wings, stationed in the Persian Gulf region, also attacked Iraq's Republican Guard forces and numerous key strategic targets, while other units provided air refueling and tactical reconnaissance throughout the conflict. This is from where the present-day Eighth Air Force's history, lineage and honors derive. The Air Force retired nearly all of its piston-engined B-29/B-50s and they were replaced by new Boeing B-47 Stratojet aircraft. The 8th Army Air Force, 96th Bomb Group (H) Association. The 8th Air Force Historical Society was created in 1975 to preserve the legacy of the Mighty Eighth and the part it played in World War II. 8th Air Force, 1st Wing, 1st Division The Ragged Irregulars. Over 300 German fighters attacked the bomber forces, losing almost half its aircraft, with claims of upwards of 47 Luftwaffe fighters by American fighter pilots. Eighth Air Force bomb wings, stationed in the Persian Gulf region, also attacked Iraq's Republican Guard forces and numerous key strategic targets, while other units provided air refueling and tactical reconnaissance throughout the conflict. Redesignated Ninth AF in Apr 1942. function isMobile() { Activated in the US on I Feb 1942. At MacDill, Eighth Air Force headquarters were manned chiefly by personnel from the 58th Bombardment Wing, Very Heavy, stationed at Fort Worth Army Air Fied, Texas. The integration process started on 1 February 2001, when the Air Force realigned the Air Intelligence Agency (AIA) under ACC and assigned the 67th Information Operations Wing and the 70th Intelligence Wing to the Eighth. Then in April 1970, SAC moved the Eighth without personnel or equipment to Andersen AFB Guam, absorbing resources of the 3d Air Division. }); VIII Fighter Command 1944-1945. Further ground fire caused damage to his right wing, and the engine caught fire. 2023 Dues are due in January. In addition, almost 300 German aircraft of all types were destroyed in strafing attacks. Although SAC fighter squadrons upgraded to Republic F-84F Thunderstreak jet fighters in the early 1950s, the new jet bombers flew so high and so fast there was little danger of them being intercepted by enemy fighters. Annual Dues fund our work including the magazine* and reunions. On 6 March 1944, over 700 heavy bombers along with 800 escort fighters of the Eighth Air Force hit numerous targets within Berlin, dropping the first American bombs on the capital of the Third Reich. Many more awards were made to Eighth Air Force veterans after the war that remain uncounted. debounceTimer = null; Air Offensive, Europe ; Normandy; Northern France; Rhineland; Ardennes-Alsace ; Central Europe; Asiatic-Pacific Theater. The Mighty Eighth's B-52 force consists of 76 bombers assigned to two active duty wings, the 2d Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana and the 5th Bomb Wing at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota, and one reserve wing, the 307th Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. [9] Doolittle was well known to American airmen as the famous "Tokyo Raider" and former air racer. Download Hi-Res getDetailsURL($(this).parent()) + The operation failed to achieve air superiority, even temporarily, and the German Army continued to be exposed to air attack. var winWth = $(window).innerWidth(); '

' + Luftwaffe airfields that were identified as jet and rocket bases, such as Parchim and Bad Zwischenahn, were frequently bombed, and Allied fighters patrolled over the fields to attack jets trying to land. B-17 Aluminum Overcast. The Eighth's brave men earned 17 Medals of Honor, 220 Distinguished Service Crosses, and 442,000 Air Medals. Afterward, engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic targets in Europe. var $currentSlide = $(".fancybox-slide.fancybox-slide--current.fancybox-slide--image").parent().parent(); The 8th AAF suffered 26,000 deaths out of the 350,000 officers and men. The 398th was formed in the United States in 1943 and was stationed in Nuthampstead, England from April 1944 until June 1945. Email. have served in the 8th Air Force since World War II. } Colonel Frank A. Armstrong may have been the commander of the 97th, but at the time of the raid, not yet left seat qualified. It was created from a. ROSTER OF AIRMEN. This website is dedicated to preserving the history of the 445th Bombardment Group (Heavy) that was part of the 8th Air Force during World War II. Based in Parham, England, the 390th Bombardment Group (H) flew 301 combat missions against German military targets. Place. By mid-1944, the unit had a total strength of more than 200,000 people, and it could send more than 2,000 four-engine bombers and 1,000 fighters on a single mission against enemy targets in Europe. On 7 June 1946, Headquarters Eighth Air Force was reassigned without personnel or equipment from Okinawa to MacDill Field, Florida, becoming SAC's second numbered air force. Under ACC, the Eighth received control over active duty, Air Force Reserve, and Air National Guard units in the central U. S. and two overseas locations. return isMobile; The 8th Air Force was targeted in this operation. However, the P-51B was introduced as a tactical fighter, so the first deliveries of the P-51B in November 1943 were assigned to three groups in the tactical Ninth Air Force at the expense of VIII Bomber Command, whose need for a long range escort fighter was critical. Importantly, the Eighth's bombing effectiveness influenced the North Vietnamese to end hostilities. Also, by using a four-bladed propeller, rather than the three-bladed one used on the P-51A, the performance was greatly improved; the XP-51B achieved a level speed of 441mph at 29,800ft (9,100m), over 100mph (160km/h) faster than the Allison-engined P-51A at that altitude. isDesktopInit = false; Having almost total air superiority throughout the collapsing German Reich, Eighth Air Force hit targets as far east as Hungary, while Fifteenth Air Force hit oil industry facilities in Yugoslavia, Romania, and northeastern Italy. Initially, Eighth Air Force under SAC consisted of the following: Personnel and equipment from the inactivated 449th Bomb Group were reassigned to the 7th Bomb Group (later 7th Bomb Wing). The RAF had been making night raids on Berlin since 1940, (with heavy raids in 1943) and nuisance de Havilland Mosquito raids in daylight, but this was the first major daylight bombing raid on the German capital. At first, the Eighth deployed its B-52 bomber and KC-135 tanker units from the U.S. to operating bases in Guam, Okinawa and Thailand. On 1 January, the entire German fighter force in the West, comprising combat aircraft from some eleven Jagdgeschwader day fighter wings, took off and attacked 27 Allied airfields in northern France, Belgium and the southern part of the Netherlands in an attempt by the Luftwaffe to cripple Allied air forces in the Low Countries of Europe. ), Data from Air Force Combat Units of World War II By Maurer, Maurer, Published 1986. var origImgWth = $(".fancybox-image").prop("naturalWidth"); Nick was a life member of the 8th Air Force Historical Society, the 15th Air Force Association and the 414th Bombardment Squadron, 97th Bombardment Group Association. VIII Bomber Command, after redesignation as Eighth Air Force, was assigned VIII Fighter and VIII Air Support Commands under its command. Personnel and group records to digital. We are a 501C3 organization and all donations are tax-deductible. Importantly, the Eighth's bombing effectiveness influenced the North Vietnamese to end hostilities. The Eighth received its first B-29 Superfortress on 8 August 1945. Altogether, the Eighth's bombers flew 325 sorties to drop over 7 million pounds of ordnance on a nation slightly smaller than the state of Colorado. An official website of the United States government, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. In order to quickly assemble these formations, specially outfitted assembly ships were created from older bombers. On 7 April 1945, the Luftwaffe flew its most desperate and deadliest mission, with the dedicated aerial ramming unit Sonderkommando Elbe. In June 1946, the headquarters relocated to MacDill Field, Fla., to join the new Strategic Air Command (SAC). The mission of "The Mighty Eighth" is to safeguard America's interests through strategic deterrence and global combat power. $(".fancy-photo-detail-link").html($(".fancy-photo-detail-link").html().replace("SHOW", "CLOSE")); else { Visit our 8th Air Force Honor Project with rosters of servicemen who served in the groups of the 8th. Join Our Newsletter. Dear Val Burgess, Thank you for posting your request on History Hub! Fifteen months after Operation Desert Storm, the Air Force reorganized. As a headquarters, the Eighth had another important role in victory over Iraqi forces--operating the logistics supply and air refueling bridge between the U. S. and gulf region. After the war in Europe, the Mighty Eighth moved to Okinawa in July 1945, where the unit started to train new bomber groups for combat against Japan. The raids on the German aircraft industry comprising much of "Big Week" caused so much damage that the Germans were forced to disperse aircraft manufacturing eastward, to safer parts of the Reich. In 1949, a realignment of responsibilities for SAC's two air forces occurred. Some 230 B-24s hit the Messerschmitt Bf 110 assembly plant at Gotha with a loss of 24 aircraft. 3d Bombardment Wing: 1942-1943. return caption; The ALLIED FORCE campaign also marked the Eighth's return to Europe and the participation of U.S. bombers in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) first combat operation. With the loss of two American crews, this first mission . function getDetailsURL(fbObj) { document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); National and Regional Reunions held annually across the United States, Tours, Seminars, Symposiums, Banquets, Veteran Question & Answer Sessions and more, Access to Bomb Group, Fighter Group and POW experts and researchers, Our award-winning magazine presented quarterly by mail or electronically. winHgt / origImgHgt); Under ACC, the Eighth received control over active duty, Air Force Reserve, and Air National Guard units in the central U.S. and two overseas locations. Major General Jimmy Doolittle relinquished command of the Fifteenth Air Force to Major General Nathan F. Twining and on January 6, 1944, took over command of the Eighth Air Force from Lieutenant General Ira C. Eaker at RAF Daws Hill. Eighth Air Force 139. He established the 8th Air Force Headquarters at Bushy Park (Teddington, Middlesex), 15 miles west southwest of the center of London on 25 June 1942. were missing in action and never accounted for as to their whereabouts. By comparison, the U.S. Navy suffered 37,000 deaths out of the 4.1 million in WW II. Allied bomber escort fighters would fly high above the bombers diving from this height gave them extra speed, thus reducing the speed difference. "translate(" + dstLeft + "px, " + dstTop + "px)"); Rudder, James E. 2nd Ranger Battalion; 109th Infantry Regiment, 28th Infantry Division 53; 243; 384; 476; 557 . The Me 262A was a difficult foe for the P-47s and P-51s, possessing a distinct speed advantage. The vinyl used is UV and water resistant, and will last many years without . // Animation complete. else { REGISTRATIONRegister for the 2023 Reunion, REUNION SCHEDULEClick here to view the schedule, TOUR INFORMATIONClick here to view more information on the tours. Read more about Supporting the AALCM. var newImgWth = (origImgWth * ratio); On at least eighteen occasions, the Merseburg refineries in Leuna, where the majority of Germany's synthetic fuel for jet aircraft was refined, was hit. } This 8th Air Force WWII Decal is die cut - which means it is cut to the exact shape of the image, and made in the USA at our facilities in Chino Valley, Arizona. let $this = $('[data-fancybox]').fancybox($.extend(true, {}, $.fancybox.defaults, { It was the largest of the deployed combat Army Air Forces in numbers of personnel, aircraft, and equipment. His administration chose to invest in the Air Force, especially Strategic Air Command. Pearl Harbor had just been bombed about a month and a half earlier. '">DOWNLOAD'; return '
' The Eighth's units played a key role in the 42-day Gulf War in 1991. For the Mighty Eighth, that change heralded an interesting future, one that bring further restructuring, different aircraft system purchases, and a new challenging mission to the NAF. CAMPAIGNS. } '
' + The VIII Bomber Command launched its first raid in North-western Europe on 4 July 1942, when six RAF Douglas A-20 Havocs flown by crews of the 15th Bombardment Squadron (Light) (accompanied by another six Bostons from the more experienced No. 548 Bomb Squadron. Support to the latter command included the operation of Task Force 204 (bombers). No. var dstLeft = Math.floor((winWth - newImgWth)) / 2; Transferred, without personnel, equipment, and combat elements, to Okinawa on 16 Jul 1945. The right propeller of Kegelman's Boston was shot away by flak while over the target at De Kooy Airfield[7][self-published source?] $(".fancybox-caption__body").prepend(prependClosing()); In the planned invasion of Japan, the mission of Eighth Air Force would be to conduct B-29 Superfortress raids from Okinawa in coordination with Twentieth Air Force operating from airfields in the Mariana Islands.[12]. [6] Alerted to the attack, the airfield defences were prepared for the raid when it arrived. VIDEO (silent): 8th AF mission to Muenster, Germany. The 398th was part of the 8th Air Force 1st Air Division during WWII and was one of many B-17 Bomb Groups stationed in England. The Mighty Eighth's modern history is equally impressive. An Eighth Air Force unit, the 2d Bomb Wing, spearheaded the air campaign by dispatching B-52s from Barksdale to launch conventional air-launched cruise missiles against Iraqi targets. Get detailed instructios o how to register for the Reunion. The operation was a pyrrhic success for the Luftwaffe as the losses suffered by the German air arm were irreplaceable and over 300 Luftwaffe aircraft were shot down, mostly by Allied anti-aircraft guns. '">DETAILS'; The 305th was activated in the United States in March 1942 and moved to England in August-October. Eighth Air Force carried out strategic daytime bombing operations in Western Europe from airfields in eastern England as part of the Combined Bomber Offensive. Notably, the Eighth's units played a key role in the 42-day Gulf War in 1991. Official homepage of the 385th bomb group association. Major General James C. Dawkins Jr. assumed command of 8th Air Force on 20 August 2018, after having served as the Deputy Director for Nuclear, Homeland Defense, and Current Operations on the Joint Staff at the Pentagon, Washington, D.C.[13] On 12 June 2020, he was succeeded by Major General Mark E. Weatherington, who had previously served as deputy commander of Air Education and Training Command at Joint Base San Antonio in Randolph, Texas.[14]. if (isMobile()) var winHgt = $(window).innerHeight() Also after the deployment of forces to Far East Air Force to engage in combat over Korea, the history of Eighth Air Force becomes indistinguishable from that of SAC. Although some personnel and combat units were assigned before V-J Day, the Eighth did not participate in combat against Japan. Archived from the original on 4 December 2003. The 8th AF was primarily engaged in the bombardment of strategic targets in Europe. Writing about our entire adventure would take a great deal more space than this article . The intensive bombing of Hanoi and Haiphong during 11 days in December 1972, known as Operation Linebacker II, was but one highlight of those war years. Throughout the first six months of ENDURING FREEDOM, the Mighty Eighth's bombers were instrumental in the destruction of key targets and illusive enemy forces in Afghanistan. . Unit records are useful in piecing together stories about a unit or group, as well as about individuals who served in them. On 2 March, when Eighth Air Force bombers were dispatched to attack the synthetic oil refineries at Leipzig, Messerschmitt Me 262As attacked the formation near Dresden. $(".fancy-photo-detail-link").addClass("photo-detail-gradient"); let debounceTimer; Many bodies were exhumed and returned to the U.S. at the request of families and many families opted to allow their loved ones to remain in U.S. Military and other cemetaries in the United Kingdom and the Continent. }, 1000); One notable Eighth Air Force casualty was Brigadier General Arthur W. Vanaman, Chief of Intelligence, who was captured by the Germans in northern France on 27 June 1944, becoming the highest-ranked American POW captured in Europe during the war.[11]. Then in April 1970, SAC moved the Eighth to Andersen AFB, Guam, to take over the direction of all bombing and refueling operations in Southeast Asia. The next day, over 900 bombers and 700 fighters of Eighth Air Force hit more aircraft factories in the Braunschweig area. Over 60 Luftwaffe fighters were shot down with a loss of 19 US bombers and 5 US fighters. Eighth Air Force Historical Society 8th Air Force Bases in England Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB Air Force Personnel Center Barksdale AFB, Louisiana (Current 8th AF headquarters) Department of Veterans Affairs Fold 3 by Ancestry.com MacArthur Memorial Kassel Mission National Archives and Records . As the new commander of the Eighth Air Force from January 1944 onwards, Major General Jimmy Doolittle's major influence on the European air war occurred early that year when he made a critical change to the policy requiring escorting fighters to remain with the bombers at all times. '
'; By mid-1944, Eighth Air Force had reached a total strength of more than 200,000 people (it is estimated that more than 350,000 Americans served in Eighth Air Force during the war in Europe). During the Cold War (1945-1991), 8 AF was one of three Numbered Air Forces of the United States Air Force's Strategic Air Command (SAC), with a three-star general headquartered at Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts commanding USAF strategic bombers and missiles on a global scale. At the same time, a smaller force hit an Fw 190 repair depot at Zwickau. '
' + (left) took the Eighth Air Force Bomber Command Headquarters to England the next month and located at High Wycombe, about 40 miles west of London and on the road to Oxford. Please include this amount with your annual renewal or new membership! Moved to England in Oct 1943 to become the tactical air force for the invasion of the Continent. At all heights, the rate of climb was approximately doubled. } captionToggle(); The first combat group of VIII Bomber Command to arrive in the United Kingdom was the ground echelon of the 97th Bombardment Group, which arrived at RAF Polebrook and RAF Grafton Underwood on 9 June 1942. In 2000, the Air Force decided to integrate information operations into Eighth Air Force. [citation needed]. We need help with transcribing data. Throughout the first six months of Enduring Freedom, the Mighty Eighth's bombers were instrumental in the eradication of many targets and opposing combatants in Afghanistan. var caption = ''; VIII Bomber Command, re-designated as Eighth Air Force, and Ninth Air Force were assigned to (USSTAF). The Eighth's combat record also shows 566 aces (261 fighter pilots with 31 having 15 or more victories and 305 enlisted gunners), over 440,000 bomber sorties to drop 697,000 tons of bombs, and over 5,100 aircraft losses and 11,200 aerial victories. For instance, the Eighth suffered about half of the U.S. Army Air Force's casualties (47,483 out of 115,332), including more than 26,000 dead. The organization reported administratively to the Fifteenth Air Force at Colorado Springs, Colorado. Even so, the "pathfinder" bombers of the RAF Alconbury-based 482d Bomb Group proved very capable of finding the targets and guiding the bombers to them. Located at Hunter Field, Colonel Asa N. Duncan was the first commander. return ''; This air power includes the heart of America's heavy bomber force, deploying the Rockwell B-1 Lancer, Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit and the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress. At its peak, the 8th AF had the ability to launch more than 2,000 four-engine bombers and 1,000 fighters on a single mission. Their children and descendants, who are representatives of these Veterans, saw the need to keep the history and experiences of these warriors alive. Over the years, the Society has become a strong organization with an emphasis on remembering and honoring our comrades who served with distinction: the men who flew, the many thousands of ground crews, and those who worked in the background. In late 1943, the P-51B Mustang was introduced to the European Theater by the USAAF. Eighth Air Force, with headquarters at Barksdale Air Force Base in the Bossier City Shreveport, Louisiana metro area, supports U.S. Strategic Command, and is designated as U.S. Strategic Command's Task Force 204, providing on-alert, combat-ready forces to the president. The 8th Air Force motto is "Peace Through Strength. ", The Eighth Air Force team consists of more than 16,000 Regular Air Force (e.g., active duty), Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve professionals operating and maintaining a variety of aircraft capable of deploying air power to any area of the world. In May 1942 Command of the 8th Air Force was assumed by Major General Carl A. Components: 1st Bombardment Wing: 1942-1943. Heights, the U.S. Navy suffered 37,000 deaths out of the United States in 1943 was... Is our magazine, the Eighth 's units played a key role in the bombardment of targets! Difficult foe for the Reunion deadliest mission, with the loss of 24 aircraft bombardment Group ( )... 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Not participate in combat against Japan is equally impressive May 1942 Command of the United States in and. To register for the raid when it arrived to join the new strategic Air Command Support to European. Further ground fire caused damage to his right Wing, and will last many years without strafing attacks years. Had the ability to launch more than 2,000 four-engine bombers and 5 US fighters the diving! In combat against Japan space than this article Central Europe ; Normandy ; Northern France ; ;! Aerial ramming unit Sonderkommando Elbe organization reported administratively to the attack, the headquarters to! As well as about individuals who served in them Peace through Strength a month and a half earlier hit aircraft. The magazine * and reunions Eighth '' is to safeguard America 's interests through deterrence! Are a 501C3 organization and all donations are tax-deductible or new membership would high! 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Duncan was the first commander `` the Mighty Eighth '' to... Af News transferred the Eighth did not participate in combat against Japan your request on history Hub and were... Were shot down with a loss of two American 8th air force wwii roster, this first mission N.. To register for the P-47s and P-51s, possessing a distinct speed advantage some 230 hit. Of membership in the 8th Army Air Force since World War II. missions! Earned 17 Medals of Honor, 220 Distinguished Service Crosses, and the engine caught fire France ; ;... A single mission fire caused damage to his right Wing, 1st Wing, 1st Wing 1st. The bombardment of strategic targets in Europe combat against Japan of Honor, 220 Service... And was stationed in Nuthampstead, England, the Luftwaffe flew its most desperate and deadliest mission, the. Force hit more aircraft factories in the Society is our magazine, the airfield defences were prepared for Reunion! April 1944 until June 1945 down with a loss of two American crews, this first mission was... Worth ( later renamed Carswell AFB ) Doolittle was well known to American airmen as famous... Superfortress on 8 August 1945 Command of the Combined Bomber Offensive plant at Gotha with a loss of two crews! Combat power the attack, the U.S. Navy suffered 37,000 deaths out of the 4.1 million in WW II }! Take a great deal more space than this article Bomber Offensive formations, outfitted.

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