Articles connexes. L'alliée de guerre de l'Allemagne, l'Italie, sous la domination de Benito Mussolini, désirait les régions italophones de la Suisse dans le cadre de ses revendications irrédentistes en Europe, en particulier le canton suisse du Tessin. Il y a plusieurs hypothèses avancées pour expliquer pourquoi les Allemands ne mirent pas à exécution ce plan d'invasion : Bien que la Wehrmacht ait simulé des mouvements vers la Suisse dans ses offensives, elle n'a jamais essayé de l'envahir. With this purpose in mind Heinrich Himmler discussed the suitability of various people for the position of Reichskommissar for the 're-union' of Switzerland with Germany and its subsequent Reichsstatthalter with his subordinate Gottlob Berger in September 1941. En août 1942, Hitler décrivit en outre la Suisse comme « un bouton sur le visage de l'Europe » et comme un État qui n'avait plus le droit d'exister, dénonçant le peuple suisse comme « une branche mal léguée de notre peuple ». [12] He immediately began preparations for war. Avant le déclenchement de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, Adolf Hitler a assuré à plusieurs reprises que l'Allemagne respecterait la neutralité de la Suisse en cas de conflit militaire en Europe. [26], Switzerland's future in an Axis-dominated Europe was further discussed in a 1940 round-table conference between Italian foreign minister Galeazzo Ciano and German foreign minister Joachim von Ribbentrop, also attended by Hitler. [24] The planned dissection of Switzerland would have accorded with this new French-German border, annexing the French-speaking region of Romandy into the Reich despite the linguistic difference. Cela peut également expliquer pourquoi l'Allemagne continue de reconnaître la neutralité de la Suède. C), led by Generalleutnant Wilhelm List and the 12th Army would conduct the attack. [2] These were, however, purely political manoeuvres intended to guarantee Switzerland's passiveness. Ignoring Switzerland's status as a sovereign state, these maps frequently showed its territory as a German Gau. [2] The first goal of the 25-point National Socialist Program stated that "We [the Nazi Party] demand the unification of all Germans in the Greater Germany on the basis of the people's right to self-determination. Juni 1940 und die Planungen für eine neue deutsch-französische Grenze im Zweiten Weltkrieg." Most English definitions are provided by WordNet . Le 30 août 1939, Henri Guisan est élu général, avec 204 voix sur 227. The Swiss were the mortal enemies of the new Germany."[2]. With "the current political situation in Switzerland," he wrote, "it might accede to ultimatum demands in a peaceful manner, so that after a warlike border crossing a rapid transition to a peaceful invasion must be assured. It was now known as “Operation Tannenbaum.”Leeb had planned this draft with the expectation of 21 divisions committed to the assault. He decided on an infantry feint in the Jura in order to draw out the Swiss Army and then cut it off in the rear, as had been done in France. En février 1937, il annonça au conseiller fédéral suisse Edmund Schulthess que « dans tous les cas, nous respecterons l'inviolabilité et la neutralité de la Suisse », réitérant cette promesse peu de temps avant l'invasion de la Pologne. At this point the German Army in France consisted of three army groups with 2 million soldiers in 102 divisions. [4], Much as Hitler despised the democratically-minded German Swiss as the "wayward branch of the German people", he still acknowledged their status as Germans. 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Army Corps were to fight delaying actions at the border, while all who could retreated to the Alpine refuge known as the Réduit national. Switzerland has a unique form of generalship. A document named Aktion S, found in the Himmler files, detailed at length the planned process for the establishment of Nazi rule in Switzerland from its initial conquest by the Wehrmacht up to its complete consolidation as a German province. [25] This would have left Italy in control of Ticino, Valais, and Graubünden. Lors d'une discussion ultérieure, le ministre allemand des Affaires étrangères, Joachim von Ribbentrop, a directement évoqué la possibilité de séparer la Suisse entre les deux puissances de l'Axe : « Sur la demande du Duce de savoir si la Suisse, en tant que véritable anachronisme, avait un avenir, le ministre des Affaires étrangères du Reich a souri et a dit au Duce qu'il devrait en discuter avec le Führer.  |  Even before the outbreak of war, Switzerland had every reason to expect invasion. "[3] Switzerland as a small, multilingual, decentralized democracy was from a National Socialist viewpoint a total antithesis of the racially homogeneous and collectivized "Führer State"[4]. "[20], The plan continued to undergo revision until October, when 12th Army submitted its fourth draft, now called Operation Tannenbaum. Operation Tannenbaum (English: Operation Fir Tree or Christmas Tree), known earlier as Operation Green, [1] was a planned but cancelled invasion of Switzerland by Nazi Germany during World War II. Tips: browse the semantic fields (see From ideas to words) in two languages to learn more. In a conversation held with Fascist Italy's leader Benito Mussolini and Galeazzo Ciano (the Foreign Minister of Italy) in June 1941 Hitler stated his opinion on Switzerland quite plainly: In a later discussion the German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop directly alluded to the possibility of carving up Switzerland between the two Axis powers: In August 1942 Hitler further described Switzerland as "a pimple on the face of Europe" and as a state that no longer had a right to exist, denouncing the Swiss people as "a misbegotten branch of our Volk. All rights reserved. This first plan assigned the existing three army corps to the east, north, and west of Switzerland, with reserves in the center and south of the country. After Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, he made overtures[clarification needed] towards the various Nazi-leaning organizations in German-speaking countries, particularly Austria and Switzerland.

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