They were ambushed and soundly defeated in the Battle of Bloody Brook (near Hadley) on September 18, 1675. The hanging of several of Metacom's men on June 8, 1675, who were accused of the murder of John Sassamon, precipitated the attack on Swansea. These communities were scattered and lacked fortifications. [7] On August 12, 1676, Metacom fled to Mount Hope where he was killed by the militia. "Edward Randolph, the Causes and Results of King Philip's War (1675)"; an early account of the war, Norton, Mary Beth. The "official letter" places blame squarely on the United Colonies of New England for causing the war by provoking the Narragansetts. Metacom was the second son of Massasoit, a Wampanoag sachem who had managed to keep peace with the English colonizers of Massachusetts and Rhode Island for many decades. An estimated 600 Narragansetts were killed, and the Indian coalition was then taken over by Narragansett sachem Canonchet. Joseph Rowlandson was set on fire, and most of its occupants were slaughtered—more than 30 people. August 1675 Hostilities expanded to the Connecticut River Valley; many settlements were burned. By September the colonists and their Indian allies had destroyed much of the Native American opposition in southern New England, killing thousands of Native Americans and selling many into slavery and indentured servitude. It is believed that the militia killed about 300 Narragansett. Before the outbreak of war, English settlers in Maine and New Hampshire lived peaceably with their Wabanaki neighbors. Prior to King Philip's War, relations were generally peaceful. [4]:5–7, Plymouth Colony was established in 1620 with significant early help from local Indians, particularly Squanto and Massasoit. Woodstock: Countryman, 2002. The European invaders were driven by religious zealotry. They killed Captain Pierce[27] and a company of Massachusetts soldiers between Pawtucket and the Blackstone's settlement. In Plymouth, he died of a sudden illness, leading many to believe that he had been poisoned by the English. Together with Quinnapin, who was described as ”a handsome warrior”, Weetamoo had at least one child. They had been tried and found guilty of murdering John Sassamon, a Harvard-educated “praying Indian” convert to Puritanism who had served as an interpreter and advisor to Philip but whom Philip had accused of spying for the colonists. He was the subject of Whittier's poem, "Mogg Megone." Records from Salem record 20 ketches stolen and destroyed in one raid in Maine. In early September, they attacked Deerfield, Hadley, and Northfield, Massachusetts. The Lancaster raid in February 1676 was an Indian attack on the community of Lancaster, Massachusetts. Lieut. And this isn’t the first time that the federal government has interfered with Tribal sovereignty to complete the process of assimilation: In the 1940s-1960s, Congress even attempted to terminate some Tribes outright. Salem, Boston, and several small towns were established around Massachusetts Bay between 1628 and 1640. Apart from being an affront to their sovereignty, Natives depended on their guns to hunt. The war in southern New England largely ended with Metacomet's death. The disestablishment is another example of a catch-22 Native communities often face: We are stereotyped and criticized for being poor, without mention of the treaty breaches and systemic oppression that caused our circumstances, but when we attempt economic development ventures, we are hindered at every turn. The next colonial expedition was to recover crops from abandoned fields for the coming winter and included almost 100 farmers/militia. [14][citation needed]. Duncan, Roger F. Coastal Maine: A Maritime History. To revisit this article, select My⁠ ⁠Account, then View saved stories. It is believed that the militia killed about 600 Narragansetts. Metacom Relates Indian Complaints about the English Settlers, 1675. Weetamoo was the leader (sunksqua) of the Pocasset tribe who occupied what we today know as the Tiverton area on Rhode Island. [8]:1–15 In the space of little more than a year, 12 of the region's towns were destroyed and many more were damaged, the economy of Plymouth and Rhode Island Colonies was all but ruined and their population was decimated, losing one-tenth of all men available for military service. [11] Hundreds of Wampanoags and their allies were publicly executed or enslaved, and the Wampanoags were left effectively landless. The colonists killed 100–200 Indians in retaliation for earlier Indian attacks against Deerfield and other settlements and for the colonial losses in the Battle of Bloody Brook. The various tribes had no common government. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. 1675–76, the most devastating war between the colonists and the Indians in New England. Members fought back, determined to hold onto the lands where their dead were buried, and where their Native tongues, ancient teachings, and cultures had flourished. Meanwhile, raids by the English-allied Mohawks damaged Philip’s diplomatic entreaties to expand the conflict by enlisting other regional Indian groups. Sign up for the Teen Vogue Take! Some of the Indian refugees returned to southern New England. In June 1675, the war, named for the Wampanoag leader Metacomet (or King Philip), broke out in the town of Swansea in Plymouth Colony. The spring of 1676 marked the high point for the combined tribes when they attacked Plymouth Plantation on March 12. 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