Commentary. Received: 27 Apr 2019;   This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses". Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). Citation style for this article: Franchin Elisa http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.21.1900261, /content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.21.1900261, dcterms_title,dcterms_subject,pub_keyword, -contentType:Journal -contentType:Contributor -contentType:Concept -contentType:Institution, /deliver/fulltext/eurosurveillance/24/21/eurosurv-24-21-1.html?itemId=/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.21.1900261&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah. West Nile virus infection in Europe: need for an integration of occupational health practice and public health activities. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Europe's journal on infectious disease surveillance, epidemiology, prevention and control, Citation style for this article: This was not unexpected as the presence of West Nile virus among birds, equids and/or mosquitoes have been previously documented in those countries. In this study, we investigated whether immunization with NS1 could protect against WNV neuroinvasion in the context of TLR3 deficiency. MircoRNA-155 (miR-155) regulates various aspects of innate and adaptive immune responses. Interestingly, high WNV-specific neutralizing antibody titers were observed in resident and short-distance migratory birds in Eastern Germany in 2018, indicating the first signs of a local WNV circulation. This changed significantly when lineage 1 WNV was introduced to the United States in 1999, followed by the emergence of two different lineage 2 WNVs in Europe around 2004. , Phylogenetic analysis revealed two Italian strains originating between 2010 and 2012: clade A, which apparently became extinct in 2013–2014, and clade B, which was responsible for the 2018 epidemic. The West Nile virus is endemic in multiple European countries and responsible for several epidemics throughout the European region. Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Modelling West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Pathogenicity in Human Neural Stem Cells, Mosquito-Independent Transmission of West Nile virus in Farmed Saltwater Crocodiles (, West Nile or Usutu Virus? Presumptive viremic blood donors have a positive screening test which has not necessarily been confirmed. USUV antibody prevalence rates were high in Eastern Germany in both years. The One Health approach, involving multiple institutions and experts, should be implemented in order to fully understand ecological background factors driving the evolution of future epidemics. Animal data (including outbreaks among equids and birds) are collected through the Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) of the European Commission. We observed five atypical cases of WNV infection that were characterised by the presence of WNV RNA and WNV IgG at the time of diagnosis, but no IgM response during follow-up. Pagni Silvana However, mock-immunized TLR3KO mice had higher inflammatory cell invasion upon WNV brain infection than NS1-immunized TLR3KO mice and wild type mice. Authors may use MDPI's https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.21.1900261 For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website. Serum, cerebrospinal fluid and urine samples were analyzed and West Nile virus infection was identified by PCR and serological tests. Rome: Italian Ministry of Health; 2018. [National surveillance and response integrated plan for West Nile and Usutu viruses - 2018]. We report the first human case of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 infection imported to Spain by a traveler returning from Romania. †WNV veterinary disease cases, or infections in mosquitoes, birds, or sentinel animals. As none of these candidates have yet progressed beyond phase II clinical trials, development of new candidate vaccines and improvement of vaccination strategies remains an important area of research. Therefore, three common, Although West Nile virus (WNV) has been a prominent mosquito-transmitted infection in North America for twenty years, no human vaccine has been licensed. Piano nazionale integrato di sorveglianza e risposta ai virus West Nile e Usutu – 2018. With a cumulative number of 24,714 neurological disease cases and 2314 deaths in the U.S. since 1999, plus a large outbreak in Europe in 2018 involving over 2000 human cases in 15 countries, a vaccine is essential to prevent continued morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Martello Thomas A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. , Virus and antibody dynamics in travelers with acute Zika virus infection. Since September 2019, ECDC started to include West Nile virus infections among birds in addition to human and equine infections in its epidemiological updates. Besides challenging diagnosis, the immunological crosstalk between the two viruses warrants further investigation on possible cross-protection or infection enhancement effects. Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019). Sinigaglia Alessandro Our data suggest that WNV-2 entered Italy in 2011 as a result of one or a few penetration events. In a collaborative effort, we summarized and analyzed the genetic and serologic data of WNV infections from multiple Hungarian public health institutions, universities, and private organizations. With a cumulative number of 24,714 neurological disease cases and 2314 deaths in the U.S. since 1999, plus a large. West Nile Fever. A review of West Nile and Usutu virus co-circulation in Europe: how much do transmission cycles overlap? All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. We immunized mice with either an intact or deleted TLR3 system (TLR3KO) with WNV envelope glycoprotein (gE) protein, NS1, or a combination of gE and NS1.

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