Many of such structures cause more problems than they solve. Farmers have to maximise their income by using whatever land they can. New York: ASCE, Coastal Sediments 77, pp. Human Impact on Coasts. Every single person on our blue planet is connected to the Ocean. These characteristics may be linked with the processes that are part of the development of the landform such as weathering, marine erosion and mass movement The removal, destruction or impairment of natural ecosystems are among the greatest causes of critical impacts on the sustainability of our natural water . [2], political issues The United Nations have declared that the next decade will focus on Ocean Science and ecosystem restoration. AO2 Candidates should demonstrate application of knowledge and understanding through an examination of the extent to which one coastal management strategy has been successful. Weybourne only has landslides [5], All have landslides as the highest % AO2 content encompasses the application of knowledge and understanding to evaluate the importance of seasonal processes and their link to landform(s). The primary dune's main function is to absorb the force of the ocean and protect the great south bay and the island's main coast. Headland deposition where wind speed falls behind obstacles A conclusion may be drawn in the context of the strategy chosen but a conclusion is not necessary in order to reach the top of Band 3. The growing global population has lead to urbanisation which has had intentional and unintentional impacts on the landscape. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. People try to protect some areas from erosion but this can have negative impacts as well as positive. The Human Impact on Coastal Landscape. Describe how a reduction in energy may lead to sediment sorting. debris protects base of cliff from erosion [10]. Variation of expense with what is damaged Accept any valid coastal processes but more than one is needed for Band 3. The content will depend upon the example or examples given but there are a number of threads that will be common for credit. 7. - leading to decrease in overall erosion (1) content encompasses the application of knowledge and understanding to evaluate the relative importance of geology in the development of selected erosional landforms. Landform/s will be clearly identified and must be erosional. (a) Use Figure 1 in the Resource Folder to identify and locate two landforms on the section of high energy coast from Linney Head (883957) to St Govan's Head (975927). (b) Examine the success of one management strategy used to manage the impacts of coastal processes on human activity. AO2 Beach erosion is widespread and causes significant problems for both the use of and protection by beaches. This erosion may be very apparent or seem to have happened overnight when it happens due to a large storm or extremely high tide. Beaches like, Brighton beach, bells beach, Florida beach, etc, used to be plain. Line graph You can also search for this author in Evidence suggests a variety of impacts to coastline ecosystems result from shoreline development, increased sediments in the water, trampling by tourists and divers, ship groundings, pollution from sewage, overfishing, and fishing with poisons and explosives that destroy coral, Since they were built in the early 20th century, there has been a steady increase in beach erosion. . Location 1 1960 - Location 2 1969 advancement Wave cut platforms "To fail the Amazon is to fail the biosphere, and we fail to act at our own peril." #amazon #humanimpact #agriculture #deforestation #landusechange cluster in North Wales Recognition that other processes can also play a part in the formation of the identified landform e.g. fall in sea level (slowly/over a long period of time) Knowledge and understanding of the process of longshore drift The environment on the other hand is inanimate and exists by means of . Assess the relative importance of longshore drift in the formation of one or more landforms of coastal deposition. the changing role of wind within the dune system - blowouts, 20. An examination of changes over geographical space in the formation of the chosen coastal landform/s. Now the coast has been fished out. There are several reasons why the coast at Holderness is eroding so quickly: Bridlington is protected by a 4.7 km long sea wall . the impact of the strategy on processes operating in adjacent parts of the coastal system AO2 Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Bays Comprehensive introduction to human-landscape interactions from preindustrial to postmodern eras. (a) (i) Use Figure 1 to analyse the economic impacts of high energy storm events. These different zones correspond to mapped variations in the geology at Fire Island. There are four main processes of erosion along the coast. the extent to which there has been an improvement of the coast as an amenity Used to compare different areas, and they are a useful visual aid as they can show differences clearly Knowledge and understanding of the processes operating over a time scale of millennia - isostatic and eustatic changes There are 4 key areas which have affected the coastline: Its common in parts of the UK for Crowded Coasts to be used as a term, Many people who work in London can no longer afford housing there, so some commute in from coastal towns and cities (Brighton). water locked into glaciers The beaches and dunes have very different characteristics. (b) Outline one positive impact of coastal processes on human activity. When answering 8 mark questions usefulness of photographs and field sketches go through: Both help provide visual aids to a study by distinctively showing the differences in physical environments. This can be dangerous for kids and adults alike who are not careful when in the water, The erosion of shorelines is a natural process that can have beneficial or adverse impacts on the creation and maintenance of habitats. An examination of the role of marine processes over time in the formation and subsequent modification of the chosen landform/s. Landscape of blue carbon research from the perspective of bibliometrics. knowledge and understanding of other processes that are part of the development of the landform such as weathering, marine erosion and mass movement 1. building of groynes or dredging could affect depositional rates, 8. The swash zone is the area of wet sand, caused by the incoming wave. 15. Key Part of Springer Nature. Human Impact on Coasts. [5]. The extent to which associated factors such as mass movement, marine erosional processes, geological factors etc. The content may vary according to the landform but may include an examination of: Location 1 has most decrease/erosion and greatest range Location 1 have steeper decline/rate of erosion West coast has limited number These plain beaches were clean, tidy, neat, even good looking. Why does your favorite beach seem to be disappearing? Regional changes in temperature and precipitation are having impacts on people and ecosystems. [10]. Journal of Coastal Research, 14: 407417. The way the coast is managed can cause conflict. e.g. Midnight Pass, Florida: inlet instability due to man-related activities in Little Sarasota Bay. 271 million recreational visits are made to the coast each year. These dunes are behind the primary dune and are therefor protected from the ocean. Use of data to support analysis, 7. Answers could address the following but credit other valid responses: It is not possible to completely stop the power of natural forces from changing the coast. e.g. 2. Relevant responses may include: Erosion of the 12 apostles (only 9 left) has nothing to do with humans, where dramatic oil spill near coast ruins beaches, does have to do with humans. CERC, 1984. This realisation makes it all the more important that we take care of our environment, and our ever-expanding national Blue Belt, protecting more than 40% of English waters, is helping to safeguard these precious habitats for future generations. All points on scale? To first understand the actual impact we have on coasts we have to understand what was before and what is now. -Allotments, How do humans use the coast. the extent to which the strategy has modified erosion or deposition issues However, excessively high sediment loads can smother submerged aquatic vegetation beds, cover shellfish beds and tidal flats, fill in riffle, The Effects of Human Activity on Coastal Landforms. (b) Describe two distinctive features of a geo. A new issue facing the Ocean is that of deep sea mining. the relative importance of wind Changes of boundaries, ie choropleth. More than 50% of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles (80 km) of a shoreline. Ability to show change over time? (a) Label Figure 1b to explain the processes responsible for the formation of landform X. Knowledge and understanding of the characteristics of one landform of coastal deposition e.g. AO2 scars on the cliff face - 210.65.88.143. Positive impacts could include the management and conservation of environmentally sensitive areas, the protection of areas of coastline from erosion as part of a shoreline management plan (SMP), where there has been an improvement of the coast as an amenity or where there is a perceived improvement in the aesthetic character of the coastline AO1 -Vegetation, Chemical weathering/decomposition including solution and carbonation. -Does it provide specific information about the related event, ie strength etc Variation in expense with location growth of embryo dunes [5], Expensive overall positive impacts on beaches and tourism generated by deployment of groynes leading to increased erosion and negative impacts further down the coastline. Some places will warm much more than others, some regions will receive more rainfall, while others are exposed to more frequent droughts. Assessment of positive against negative impacts 03.4 Assess the relative importance of weathering and erosion in the development of coastal landscapes. Protection, management and conservation of dune systems - replanting . Examination of the relative role of longshore drift People introduce fish into the sea to fish. The content may vary according to the landscape but may include: the extent to which there has been a changing focus of coastal erosion as sediment is trapped by groynes The pattern of loss and gain over space should be identified with confident use of x and y axis data. how the strategy modifies process The impacts of this scourge will last a lot longer. Date: November 4, 2008. The coastline is rapidly eroding at an average of 1.8 metres a year. The content will depend upon the time scale(s) and landform(s) chosen and may include: Rising water temperatures, increasing ocean acidification, Crown of Thorns Starfish (COTS), fishing, and coastal development are also impacting the Great Barrier Reef. It is important to recognize to what extent various disturbances affect wetlands when assessing disturbance and impact, and when considering wetland protection options (Clearwater et al., 1998). [10], AO1 Candidates should be able to show the knowledge and understanding of the sub aerial processes of coastal weathering (the breaking down of rock in situ). 15. Knowledge and understanding of relevant case study material. Identification of individual groups? magnitude of process changes with spatial scale Davis, R.A., Hine, A.C., and Bland, M.J., 1987. Size of particles - some places consist of particle sizes easier to erode by wind e.g. [5]. New York: ASCE, Coastal Sediments 87, pp. Assessment of positive impacts over time - increase or decrease These are hydraulic action, abrasion and corrosion, attrition and solution. Coastal zone 89. the accumulation of sediment to form beaches may attract tourists and lead to the development of a tourist industry AO1 content encompasses knowledge and understanding of the processes of coastal transport and one landform of coastal deposition. Assessment of human versus other activity in the production of positive impacts - e.g. the cost and benefits of the selected strategy. The extent to which there is a balance between negative / positive impacts of human activity on coastal environments. Significant areas of gain are located from 0 to 4 km and reaches 3 m per year. - lack of groundwater - large particles It was not long before attempts to control erosion resulted in various types of structures such as jetties, groins, and seawalls. 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