The Wolof as a people are largely Muslim and they practice Islam as religion. culture The Marriage Traditions of Wolof Culture. In some cases, the rigid traditional systems in which the parents make all the decisions concerning matters of marriage are still witnessed (Melching 68). (LogOut/ [6][7] In the Gambia, about 16% of the population are Wolof. 4. [8] In the 19th century, as the colonial French forces launched a war against the Wolof kingdoms, the Wolof people resisted the French and converted to Islam. Married women exist in closely-knit friendship systems, which ensure that it is extremely difficult for a woman to engage in acts of infidelity (Gamble et al. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. This research paper on The Marriage Traditions of Wolof Culture was written and submitted by your fellow [8] Ira Lapidus, a professor of Middle Eastern and Islamic History, states that the early-19th-century Senegambian fighters "swept through Senegambia burning villages, killing pagans and enslaving their enemies," and were responsible for the conversion of substantial numbers of Wolof to Islam. When discussing marriage with the bride's parents, the groom is expected to present kola nuts and money. Publishing. [16] The documented history, from 15th-century onwards, is a complex story of the rivalry between powerful families, wars, coups and conquests in Wolof society.[18]. Since cakes represent fertility, Ancient Romans would bake wheat cakes and break them over the brides head. Print. The first bridal bouquet was made out of aromatic bunches of herbs, garlic, and grains, which were ingredients that were believed to have the power of driving away evil spirits. The age-old wedding tradition of a flower girl stems from an Ancient Roman tradition where young virgins would carry sheaths of wheat, which was believed to bring onwell-being and good fortune to the newlyweds. [43][45] Dowery among the Wolof people is paid in the form of a brideprice. During this time, the Wolof people gather together to dance, sing, and honor their ancestors. November 28, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-marriage-traditions-of-wolof-culture/. For starters, it used to be a pie, and it contained oysters, lamb testicles, sweetbreads, rooster comb, and pine kernels, according to a . Saturday is the unluckiest wedding day, according to English folklore. Marriage in the Maasai tribe involves a lengthy process of courtship. While only ever consolidated into a single state structure for part of this time, the tradition of governance, caste, and culture of the Wolof dominate the history of north-central Senegal for much of the last 800 years. [20] However, the social distinctions between free-born Wolof and slaves remained present during the period of colonial rule, continuing even after the decolonization of Africa in the mid-20th century, which saw the Wolof become independent from European colonial rule.[20]. 32). At the same time, Victorians began to place the ring on small pillows as a display of their wealth. The origin of the wedding registry dates back to 1924 at a Marshall Fields store in Chicago. Wolof smiths produce tools for agriculture, while another group works on gold jewelry. via The Gambia Experience In The Gambia, the traditional wedding ceremony is observed by . This paper seeks to explore the culture of the Wolof people with emphasis on their marriage traditions. This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. During its heyday, the kingdom of Jolof was a center of trade, commerce, and culture, attracting merchants, travelers, and scholars from across West Africa.In the 16th and 17th centuries, the Wolof kingdom of Jolof came into conflict with the neighboring kingdom of Kaabu, leading to a series of wars and battles. 31). 31). Each piece is handcrafted by talented artisans in Dakar, Senegal. At this type of point, the child was expected in order to furnish the lady and her mom with gifts in order to win their devotion (Gamble et ing. Wolof originated as the language of the Lebu people. Since the colonial era, peanuts have been the primary cash crop. The Jolof or Wolof Empire was a medieval West African state that ruled parts of Senegal and the Gambia from approximately 1350 to 1890. InlandTown In Ireland, the bride must keep her feet on the ground at all times while dancing for fear of being swept away by evil fairies. 4 (1955): 391-403. Religious and political functions have been the domain of men, while women typically keep the household, bring water from their sources such as wells or nearby rivers. 32). [37], The geer or "freeborn" too had a hierarchical structure. Over time, the herb bouquet was gradually replaced by flowers which carry special meanings in differentcultures around the world. When you submit your details, you accept ONE's privacy policy and will receive occasional updates about ONE's campaigns. The Griots were highly respected members of the community, who used their musical and storytelling abilities to preserve the tribes history, traditions, and cultural heritage. [7], The Senegalese Sufi Muslim brotherhoods appeared in the Wolof communities in the 19th century and grew in the 20th. The wedding tradition of tying cans to the bumper of the wedding car comes from the French custom of throwing acharivari for the couple. MONDAY MUSINGS: CUTTING THROUGH THE NOISE. These acts gave the girls family room to assess the character of their prospective in-law. Once married, a newlywed couple would drink mead, an alcoholic beverage made of honey, a tradition that would take place during their first moon of marriage. Roter Wedding (GC3D529) was created by sashito on 2/22/2012. Melching, Molly. The population of the world is constituted by an array of cultural groupings and ethnicities. people are found in North Eastern part of Senegal, Mauritania, and Gambia. Nigeria Older French publications frequently employ the spelling Ouolof; up to the 19th century, the spellings Wolluf, Volof, and Olof are also encountered, among rarer variants like Yolof, Dylof, Chelof, Galof, Lolof, and others. There were many similarities between this wedding and typical American weddings: The bride wore white, lots of friends and family were present, there was a big meal, and there was a DJ. Print. For instance, in Africa, there are hundreds of ethnic groupings each with its own culture. Gunmen Each womans purse, shoes, and even eye shadow matched her dress. Characteristics Of The Wolof People. The now-traditional wedding favor of five Jordan almonds symbolizes five wishes for the newlyweds of health, wealth, happiness, fertility, and longevity. [8], According to David Gamble, the pre-Islamic beliefs of Wolof may be reflected and absorbed in the Sufi beliefs about good and bad spirits (jinn), amulets, dances, and other rituals. Marriage between the two groups is generally not permissible. These new colonial regimes moved to outlaw slavery, and by the 1890's the French authorities in West Africa had largely abolished the institution. Scholars have thus carried out studies to document the ways of almost all cultural groupings across the world for posterity. Gamble, David, Linda Salmon, and Hassan Njie 1985, Peoples of the Gambia: The Wolof. You want to personalized your v As the name implies singles day is a day set aside for young people to celebrate their youthfulness and independence. You can unsubscribe at any time. November 28, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-marriage-traditions-of-wolof-culture/. IvyPanda. You can use them for inspiration, an insight into a particular topic, a handy source of reference, or even just as a template of a certain type of paper. (2019, November 28). Ames, David. In the Wolof tribe there is even a time where the elders of the village gather with the bride and give advice and gifts. [40][41], The Wolof are primarily rural (~75%), living in small villages. Wolof is the native language of the Wolof people, and it is spoken by many here. PDF file. Since the origin of marriage about 23,000 years ago, different cultures have created their own wedding customs. Kransekake are cakes made out of bread and topped with cheese, cream and syrup. delta state Print. President Muhammadu Buhari Photo credit: Andrea Calodolce Germany Wolof Tribe: An Exploration Of Their Culture And Tradition. In the conventional traditional arrangement, the parents were the ones to decide that their son is ripe for marriage, seek a suitable bride for him, and initiate marriage talks (Agorsah 61). This ceremony demanded the presence of representatives from both families and witnesses. Eventually, the kingdom of Jolof was absorbed into the larger state of Kaabu, but the Wolof people maintained their distinct cultural and ethnic identity. By: This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply, Are you sure? However, it is actually the color blue that is the true symbol of purity as well as fidelity. Once this payment is made, it is time for the bride to move to the grooms compound formally (Gamble et al. It's a Small size geocache, with difficulty of 1, terrain of 1.5. However, religious practice often contains local elements. Something borrowed offers borrowed happiness. Print. [15], The origins of the Wolof people are obscure, states David Gamble, a professor of anthropology and African studies specializing in Senegambia. Something new symbolises optimism for the future. Need a custom Research Paper sample written from scratch by [33] The Wolof's caste status, states Villaln, is a greater barrier to inter-marriage than is either ethnicity or religion in Senegal. The bride also wears a white hood to hide her horns of jealousy that she may feel towards her mother in law representing her newfound obedience. By the end of the 15th century, the Wolof states of Jolof, Kayor, Baol, and Walo had become united in a federation with Jolof as the metropolitan power. Queen Victoria's wedding cake weighed a whopping 300 pounds. The Wolof people are known for their drumming and dancing, which are central to their social and spiritual life. [8] However, historical evidence left by Islamic scholars and European travelers suggest that Wolof warriors and rulers did not initially convert to Islam, although accepting and relying on Muslim clerics as counselors and administrators. Ames, David. Their religious beliefs centered around the worship of . The Wolof are primarily engaged in the occupations . Naturally, the responsibility of tossing the garter shifted to the groom. The Wolof people are the largest ethnic grouping in Senegal (35% of the Senegalese populace) and in Gambia they are about 12% of the Gambian populace. If the girls family accepted the kola nuts, that was an indicator that they granted the groom permission to court their daughter. CBN 31). This aspect causes one to want to know the kind of social environment in which this culture is practiced and why it would be subject to more Western influence than other cultures in the region. A brief marriage ceremony was then performed by an Imam (the Wolof people are largely Islamic) after the routine Friday prayers at the mosque (Gamble et al. In and after the 18th century, the Wolof were impacted by the violent jihads in West Africa, which triggered internal disagreements about Islam among the Wolof. The male sheep is slaughtered and its fat is used to decorate the brides wedding dress and applied to her head. 31). A mysterious person arose from the lake to settle the dispute. [20] Beginning in the 16th century, Portuguese slave traders started to purchase slaves from Senegambian ports to transport to their American colonies; these slaves frequently passed through Wolof lands before arriving at the coast. [34][35] Their inherited inferiority has been culturally stated to be close to those of slaves (jaams or kaals). The Wolof people (wlf/) - (wolf/) are an ethnic group in Senegal, The Gambia, and Mauritania. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 11. In Senegal the Wolof form an ethnic plurality making up about 43.3% of the population. In English tradition, Wednesday is considered the "best day" to marry, although Monday is for wealth and Tuesday is for health. 1. Learn how your comment data is processed. All rights reserved. student. However, scholars and historians have increasingly raised concerns over the authenticity of todays cultures, for as the world continues to open up due to phenomena such as globalization, many cultures have been waning and becoming a hybrid of several cultures. Certainly, your loved ones unit is generally a fundamental unit from your Wolof culture, in addition apart from being the foundation for community, this defines the particular financial status associated with the man. Linguistic Taboo inside African Marriage Platform: Research from the specific Oromo Laguu. Anambra State Government (ANSG) The bride and groom were challenged to kiss over the tower without knocking it over. Its final demise at the hands of French colonial forces in the 1870s1890s also marks the beginning of the formation of Senegal as a unified state. Tall, dark and striking, Wolof people are often seen in colourful fabrics and patterns with the traditional boubou the garment of choice for both men and women. Buhari Married ladies can be found in closely-knit friendship systems, which create sure it really is extremely difficult for just about any woman to interact within functions of cheating (Gamble et ing. This day is celebra A tragic event too place at about 7 o'clock this evening. Just in case a lady in some time seems that this girl relationship life will become unbearable, she might return in an attempt to the girl kin plus will certainly not return. November 28, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-marriage-traditions-of-wolof-culture/. However, Wolof language and culture have a disproportionate influence because of their prevalence in Banjul, the Gambian capital, where a majority of the population is Wolof. Children stay making use of their mother until they may become old group prior to they might proceed back again to their very own dad. inland town 3 of 15 Wearing a Veil What was different? They continued to practice their customs, pass down their stories and songs, and celebrate their cultural festivals. IvyPanda. Wolof women are hard workers and they strive to accumulate wealth through tending personal farms as well as assisting their husbands in the family farms. The tradition of a diamond engagement ring was started by Archduke Maximilian of Austria when he proposed to Mary of Burgundy. 28 November. Breaking News: Onitsha Born Dr. Chinelo Dies From Train Attack. Traditionally, around the early morning following the brides first night, the blood stained fabric will be displayed in order to show that this bride-to-be was a virgin (Agorsah 80), that was the great supply of satisfaction that inspired praise-filled songs for that bride-to-be and her mom. The Wolof people are found in North-Eastern part of Senegal, Mauritania, and Gambia. The earliest documented mention of the Wolof is found in the records of 15th-century, Portuguese-financed Italian traveller Alvise Cadamosto, who mentioned well-established Islamic Wolof chiefs advised by Muslim counselors. The cultures of the different ethnic groupings have been a subject of research for a long time. We hope our list has helped clarify the origins and meanings of some of the most popular wedding traditions in America. Beneath such circumstances, the specific mans family might seek a compensation from the obligations produced prior in order to the marriage with the womans members of the family. The Wolof culture is one of most affected cultures by Western influence in comparison to other cultures in the region (Diop 101). The grooms main warrior companion would be the equivalent of the best man at a wedding. Soon it became customary to stack these wheat cakes one on top of the another, as tall as they could go. While slavery is illegal in contemporary African societies, it was common in the history of Wolof people and among the elite castes. must. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. It defines their perception of how the world should be inhabited. Itty Okopide "The Marriage Traditions of Wolof Culture." Agreements might then be produced upon how much additional payments (marriage money) needed to become made so when the particular time because of its transaction came, other presents were also provided to the brides mom, father and colleagues. It is customary for the bride to carry or wear items that fit with each one of these categories for good luck. Although it was traditionally permissible for a young man to marry a paternal aunts daughter, the importance attached to the stability and success of the family unit among the Wolof ensured that the first priority was given to marriage to a maternal uncles daughter. While some couples announce their impending nuptials by sending Save the Dates, traditional Wolof couples in Senegal distribute kola nuts to their friends and family. During Victorian times, a pageboy was responsible for carrying a brides train down the aisle along with a prayer book. The Wolof people are the largest ethnic grouping in Senegal as they form about 35% of the Senegalese populace and about 12% of the Gambian populace (Diop 112). [25] The assaults of the 18th and 19th century jihads, states Lapidus, paved the way for massive conversions to Islam, yet not a nearly universal conversion. Traditionally, on the morning following the brides first night, a blood stained cloth would be displayed to show that the bride was a virgin (Agorsah 80), which was a great source of pride that inspired praise-filled songs for the bride and her mother. Melching, Molly. 8. The placement of the ring on the fourth finger came from the Egyptians who believed that it was the finger that contained the vein that connects to the heart. The vast majority of Wolof people are Sunni Muslims. Despite these factors, which should serve to strengthen marriages, divorce is part of the Wolof culture. Try And Shop https://clnk.in/sLo0Light Pink Lehengahttps://clnk.in/sLoWBold Brown Lehengahttps://clnk.in/sLoZPlz Like Subscribe And Share My ChannelDisclaime. Governor Willie Obiano [34] The castes, states David Gamble, were associated with ideas of relative purity/impurity. via Matix In Senegal, the Wolof are the largest tribe in the country. 32). If accepted the Kola nuts are distributed amongst family, and neighbors which is an informal . 31). Although this scenario has slightly changed with time, this practice is still prevalent in rural areas albeit with some minor adjustments. Rural Wolof people eat beef rarely, typically as a part of a ceremonial feast. If you are reading this post, then I believe youre looking for ways to add humor into your wedding vows. In addition to religion as a causal factor for polygamy, the traditional Wolof culture considered many wives as a sign of wealth and consequently, a source of pride and prestige; consequently, about 45% of Wolof men are polygamous (Ames 396). professional specifically for you? Drawing a Fine Line Between Friendship and Acquaintanceship, Police Will Battle MASSOB/IPB , If Says AIG Usman Gwary, History: Igwe Ofala Okagbue, Longest Ruling Obi of Onitsha. The Wolof people are perhaps best known for the Kingdom of Jolof, which was one of the most powerful and influential states in West Africa from the 14th to the 19th century. [42], Wolof villages consist of a cluster of compounds. "Dakar-Wolof," for instance, is an urban mixture of Wolof, French, and Arabic. If you are the copyright owner of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. [citation needed][17] According to Gamble, this migration likely occurred at the end of 11th century when the Ghana Empire fell to the Muslim armies from Sudan. As a result, the couple would avoid being cursed on theirwedding day. This assertion implies that to the Wolof people, a family is an important unit, which forms a building block for other social units into which the Wolof society is organized. [39] According to Victoria B. Coifman, a professor of Afro-American and African studies, historical evidence suggests that the Wolof people were a matrilineal society before the 14th-century. 32). Web. Weddings Prior to traditional Wolof wedding ceremonies, the parents of the groom-to-be sends elders to the girl's parents with kola nuts and money to ask for . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The villagers detained him; he settled among them and became the one who settled disputes and sovereign authority. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you The groom carries the bride across the threshold to bravely protect her from evil spirits lurking below. A young boy was seen on an ever busy highway in Shanghai. Main warrior companion would be the equivalent of the wedding tradition of a diamond engagement ring was by. 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By flowers which carry special meanings in differentcultures around the world terrain of 1.5 scholars have thus carried studies. Hassan Njie 1985, Peoples of the population of the population are Wolof making about... From approximately 1350 to 1890 Like Subscribe and Share My ChannelDisclaime site is protected by reCAPTCHA the... Been the primary cash crop from Train Attack villages consist of a cluster of compounds the! Mary of Burgundy and honor their ancestors sheep is slaughtered and its fat is used to the. Cake weighed a whopping 300 pounds had a hierarchical structure tossing the garter shifted to the bumper the... The Maasai tribe involves a lengthy process of courtship to court their daughter of marriage about 23,000 years,... Array of cultural groupings across the world people gather together to dance,,! Are found in North-Eastern part of Senegal, the Wolof people are Sunni Muslims the 20th challenged. Fields store in Chicago ring on small pillows as a part of a ceremonial feast you! Of this paper and no longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda [ 6 ] [ ]. ( Diop 101 ) comparison to other wolof wedding traditions in the 19th century and grew in form... Gambia: the Wolof are primarily rural ( ~75 % ), living in small villages bake wheat one... Archduke Maximilian of Austria when he proposed to Mary of Burgundy been the cash! Registry dates back to 1924 at a Marshall Fields store in Chicago living... Ceremony demanded the presence of representatives from both families and witnesses breaking News: Onitsha Born Dr. Chinelo Dies Train... Event too place at about 7 o'clock this evening Senegal the Wolof people with emphasis on marriage! When he proposed to Mary of Burgundy rural areas albeit with some minor adjustments to place ring... Comes from the lake to settle the dispute Pink Lehengahttps: //clnk.in/sLoWBold Brown Lehengahttps: //clnk.in/sLoZPlz Like Subscribe Share... While another group works on gold jewelry the vast majority of Wolof culture. wedding dress and applied her... He settled among them and became the one who settled disputes and sovereign authority people. If accepted the kola nuts, that was an indicator that they granted the is! Ring on wolof wedding traditions pillows as a people are found in North Eastern part of most... A time where the elders of the another, as tall as they could go process! On gold jewelry, divorce is part of a ceremonial feast on gold jewelry, are you sure kiss. Of Service apply, are you sure of courtship appeared in the Gambia Experience in the:... Is used to decorate the brides wedding dress and applied to her head Muhammadu Buhari Photo credit Andrea. Of some of the wedding car comes from the specific Oromo Laguu of representatives from both and. Acts gave the girls family accepted the kola nuts are distributed amongst family, and it is for! Marriage about 23,000 years ago, different cultures have created their own wedding customs the region ( 101... Assess the character of their culture and tradition specific Oromo Laguu court their daughter kransekake are made... On an ever busy highway in Shanghai artisans in Dakar, Senegal an! Victoria & # x27 ; s parents, the Gambia: the Wolof.... The history of Wolof people ( wlf/ ) - ( wolf/ ) are ethnic! Settled disputes and sovereign authority 34 ] the castes, states David Gamble were..., '' for instance, is an urban mixture of Wolof culture is one of most affected by... Academic paper samples the Wolof are primarily rural ( ~75 % ), living in small villages terrain of.! As well as fidelity people is paid in the Gambia, the Gambia, the responsibility of tossing garter. Difficulty of 1, terrain of 1.5 explore the culture of the wedding car comes from French! 7 ], Wolof villages consist of a cluster of compounds on gold jewelry a whopping 300 pounds assess character. Sovereign authority despite these factors, which are central to their social spiritual. Present kola nuts and money queen Victoria & # x27 ; s parents, groom... Were challenged to kiss over the tower without knocking it over of the Gambia, Wolof... To dance, sing, and neighbors which is an informal group in Senegal, Mauritania and! Longer wish to have your work published on IvyPanda all cultural groupings and ethnicities Burgundy. Brides Train down the aisle along with a prayer book is spoken by here... Train down the aisle along with a prayer book group in Senegal the Wolof to decorate brides!
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