Tert-butanol is irritating to skin or eyes. Charles Babington, House Again Passes GOP Energy Measures, Washington Post, June 16, 2004, at A4 (House passes Energy Bill, but Senate opponents of MTBE provision in House Bill have the votes to prevent its enactment). Activated carbon produced from coconut shells and optimized for MTBE adsorption may reduce MTBE to undetectable levels,[26] although this level of reduction is likely to occur only in the most ideal circumstances. New York Consolidated Laws, Agriculture and Markets Law. Primarily used as a fuel additive, MTBE is blended into gasoline to increase knock resistance and reduce unwanted emissions. Particular common is potassium tert-butoxide, which is prepared by treating tert-butanol with potassium metal.[8]. MTBE is a volatile, flammable, and colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble[1] in water. Primarily used as a fuel additive, MTBE is blended into gasoline to increase knock resistance and reduce unwanted emissions. [23][24], MTBE gives water an unpleasant taste at very low concentrations. MTBE is biodegraded by the action of bacteria. [citation needed] Some states enacted MTBE prohibitions without waiting for federal restrictions. [38] In another case, New York City estimated a $250 million cost for cleanup of a single wellfield in the borough of Queens in 2009. Preparation, reactions, uses. MTBE removal from groundwater and soil contamination in the U.S. was estimated to cost from $1 billion[36] to $30 billion,[37] including removing the compound from aquifers and municipal water supplies and replacing leaky underground oil tanks. tert-Butyl alcohol is deprotonated with a strong base to give the alkoxide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has concluded that available data are inadequate to quantify health risks of MTBE at low exposure levels in drinking water, but the data support the conclusion that MTBE is a potential human carcinogen at high doses. Congratulations on this excellent venture… what a great idea! Methyl tertiary butyl ether; prohibited. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. [15][16], MTBE is extensively used in industry as a safer alternative to diethyl ether (which is commonly used in academic research) as the tert-butyl group prevents MTBE from forming potentially explosive peroxides. MTBE may be tasted in water at concentrations of 5 – 15 µg/l. "Announcement of the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List. In 2003, California was the first U.S. state to start replacing MTBE with ethanol. ", Last edited on 20 September 2020, at 05:23, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Methyl tertiary butyl ether prices, markets & analysis", "Hydrogen production via natural gas steam reforming in a Pd-Au membrane reactor. [22], In a medical procedure called contact dissolution therapy, MTBE is injected directly into the gallbladder to dissolve gallstones. According to the IARC, a cancer research agency of the World Health Organization, MTBE is not classified as a human carcinogen. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology. tert-Butyl alcohol reacts with hydrogen chloride to form tert-butyl chloride. MTBE is a volatile, flammable, and colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a chemical intermediate used to produce methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) by reaction with methanol and ethanol, respectively, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Methanol is primarily derived from natural gas,[4] where steam reforming converts the various light hydrocarbons in natural gas (primarily methane) into carbon monoxide and hydrogen. [40], As of 2016, hundreds of lawsuits are still pending regarding MTBE contamination of public and private drinking water supplies. [2][3], MTBE is manufactured via the chemical reaction of methanol and isobutylene. [a] tert-Butyl alcohol is a colorless solid, which melts near room temperature and has a camphor-like odor. Before the introduction of other oxygenates and octane enhancers, refiners chose MTBE for its blending characteristics and low cost. After the purchase of SABIC,[10][11] oil giant Saudi Aramco is now considered to be the world's largest producer[12] with an estimated production capacity of 2.37 million metric tons per year (mt/yr). "Announcement of the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List. It has polluted groundwater due to MTBE-containing gasoline being spilled or leaked at gas stations. Its use has declined in the United States in response to environmental and health concerns.

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